DOI：https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58341-0

发表期刊：Nature Communications

链接：https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-58341-0#Abs1

作者：Yi Xiong, Shuai Yuan, Yanli Xiong, Lizuiyue Li, Jinghan Peng, Jin Zhang, Xing Fan, Chengzhi Jiang, Li-na Sha, Zhaoting Wang, Xue Peng, Zecheng Zhang, Qingqing Yu, Xiong Lei, Zhixiao Dong, Yingjie Liu, Junming Zhao, Guangrong Li, Zujun Yang, Shangang Jia, Daxu Li, Ming Sun, Shiqie Bai^*, Jianquan Liu^*, Yongzhi Yang^*,Xiao Ma^*.

Abstract

Phylogenetic origin of the Y haplome present in allopolyploid Triticeae species remains unknown. Here, we report the 10.47 Gb chromosome-scale genome of allohexaploidElymus nutans(StStYYHH). Phylogenomic analyses reveal that the Y haplome is sister to the clade comprising V and Jv haplomes fromDasypyrumandThinopyum. In addition, H haplome from the Hordeum-like ancestor, St haplome from thePseudoroegneria-like ancestor and Y haplome are placed in the successively diverged clades. Resequencing data reveal the allopolyploid origins with St, Y, and H haplome combinations inElymus. Population genomic analyses indicate thatE. nutanshas expanded from medium to high/low-altitude regions. Phenotype/environmental association analyses identifyMAPKKK18promoter mutations reducing its expression, aiding UV-B adaptation in high-altitude populations. These findings enhance understanding of allopolyploid evolution and aid in breeding forage and cereal crops through intergeneric hybridization within Triticeae.